What is the normal internal rotation value in shoulder ROM?

• A. 90 degrees
• B. 60 degrees
• C. 120 degrees
• D. 45 degrees

Answer: (A)

Internal rotation of the shoulder is measured with the arm elevated to 90 degrees of abduction, and the forearm rotated toward the abdomen. In healthy individuals, this end range typically falls around 70–90 degrees, with 90 degrees often cited as the upper limit of normal in many reference ranges. Reaching about 90 degrees reflects a full, functional range for common activities that require behind-the-back movement. The other numbers fall outside the typical normal span in this measurement position: 60 or 45 degrees suggest a tighter range, and 120 degrees would exceed normal internal rotation in this position. Keep in mind that exact values can vary with age, sex, activity level, and measurement technique, but 90 degrees is a commonly accepted normal endpoint.